A school is a place where you can learn and study.
that
= who / which
· A waiter is somebody that works in a restaurant. · A pencil is something that you can use to write.
(that is more informal, and who / which are more formal)
A relative clause if formed by:
a main clause:
A waiter (subject) works (main verb) in a restaurant.
a subordinate clause:
is (verb) somebody who
Next year you will learn that the relative pronoun can be omitted in sentences like This is the book Itold you about, where the subject of the relative clause changes (if you look at the example, "the book" is not the subject of "told", but "I").
When we talk about relative clauses, there are two types:
· defining relative clauses
· non-defining relative clauses
You can hear about both types of clauses in these videos, but remember that for this unit you only have to learn what defining relative clauses are:
Defining relative clause:
The information is important in specifying what is being discussed.
My brother who works as a police officer lives in New York.
(I have more than one brother, and I'm talking about the one who is a police officer.)
The students who passed the test had a party.
(Not all the students passed the test, and only the ones who passed the test had the party.)
Non-defining relative clause:
The information is unnecessary or extra. (They always use commas.)
My brother, who is a police officer, lives in New York.
(I only have one brother, and he is a police officer.)
The students, who passed the test, had a party!
(All the students passed the test and all of them had a party.)
You use paraphrasing (which is using other words):
· when you don't know the vocabulary you need to say something in particular.
· when you want to use or repeat someone else's words but you want to avoid plagiarism.
Table of Contents
1. LISTENING
Do the quiz:
2. GRAMMAR
· Defining Relative Clauses
· A pencil is something that you can use to write.
(that is more informal, and who / which are more formal)
A relative clause if formed by:
Next year you will learn that the relative pronoun can be omitted in sentences like This is the book I told you about, where the subject of the relative clause changes (if you look at the example, "the book" is not the subject of "told", but "I").
When we talk about relative clauses, there are two types:
· defining relative clauses
· non-defining relative clauses
You can hear about both types of clauses in these videos, but remember that for this unit you only have to learn what defining relative clauses are:
The information is important in specifying what is being discussed.
The information is unnecessary or extra. (They always use commas.)
Activities online:
· Defining relative clauses 01
· Defining relative clauses 02
· Defining relative clauses 03
· Defining relative clauses 04
3. VOCABULARY
· Paraphrasing
You use paraphrasing (which is using other words):
· when you don't know the vocabulary you need to say something in particular.
· when you want to use or repeat someone else's words but you want to avoid plagiarism.
Do the quiz:
4. SPEAKING
5. READING
Oxford English Dictionary
6. PRONUNCIATION
.
7. SONG
Do the quiz:
Do the quiz:
.